Syllabus of the lectures: 1. Review of development of microbiology. Prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms, bacteria, viruses, yeast and molds: structure and function. Review of taxonomy, terminology. 2. Morphology and structure of bacteria. Endospores. 3. Reproduction and growth of micro-organisms (generation time, division of bacterial cell, growth of bacterial population, control of micro-organism growth 4. Metabolism of micro-organisms. Types of micro-organisms based on nutrient requirements, source of energy, relationship to oxygen. 5. Distribution of microbes in nature. Relationships between micro-organisms, micro-organisms and hosts. Decomposition of natural substances by micro-organisms. 6. Influence of environmental factors on growth of micro-organisms. Antimicrobial substances, mechanisms of their action. 7. Mechanisms of microbial pathogenicity, bacterial toxins, sources and spreading of infections. Sources and spread of infection. 8. Genetics of micro-organisms: DNA replication, proteosynthesis in procaryotic cells. 9. Definitions of basic terms, genetic code, genes, regulation of gene expression. 10. Plasmids. Bacterial viruses. Lytic and lyzogenic cycle. 11. Horizontal and vertical transfer of genetic information: conjugation, transformation, transduction. 12. Changes in genetic information. Mutation and mutagenesis. 13. General virology. Structure and reproduction of animal viruses. Syllabus of practical lessons: 1. Work in microbiological laboratory, preparation of nutrient media. 2. Isolation and cultivation of bacteria on nutrient media. 3. Evaluation of bacterial growth on nutrient media. 4. Native preparations and simple staining methods. 5. Differential staining methods. 6. Special staining methods – staining of bacterial structures. 1st CREDIT TEST. 7. Selective staining methods. 8. Metabolic activity of bacteria and methods of their testing. 9. Basic serological methods for detection of bacterial antigens. 10. Molecular-biological methods for detection of micro-organisms. 11. Qualitative and quantitative methods for testing bacterial resistance to antibiotics. 12. Detemination of CFU in the sample. 2nd CREDIT TEST. 13. Evaluation of the diagnostical methods used in microbiology. Granting credits. |