Active participation in exercises. One missed exercise is recognized without refund. Additional missed exercises (maximum two) must be made up in the form of a seminar paper. Lectures are not compulsory. Consultations must be arranged with the teacher.

Acquire basic knowledge of cell biology. Acquire knowledge of the composition and function of the cell and its structures and organelles and of cell division. Acquaintance with the most important methods of molecular biology and genetics and their practical application in veterinary medicine.Acquisition of knowledge of general genetics (classical and molecular) in relation to hereditary canine diseases and their transmission to offspring. Determination of the type of inheritance and determination of the risk of the disease for the offspring.

The course is aimed at acquiring basic knowledge of cell biology and genetics in the following areas:

• Cell structure and function

• Cell organelles, structure, and function of macromolecules, cell division, physiological processes in the cell

• Realization and transmission of information in the cell

• Types of animal blood groups

• Chromosomal basis of heredity

• Overview and causes of inherited diseases in animals, procedures for determining the genetic etiology of diseases, and methods of prevention

Exercise syllabus:

1.Fundamentals of microscopy and observation of simple slides.

2.Preparation of microscopic slides (native slides, impression and smear slides, vital, supravital and post-vitreal staining).

3.Observation of cell organelles.

4.Observation of the shapes of different cell types.

5.Transport of substances across the cytoplasmic membrane, osmotic phenomena.

6. Cell divisions. Mitosis and meiosis.

7.Cytogenetics. Karyotypes.

8.Mendel's laws and their practical application.

9.Sex-linked inheritance.

10.Animal blood groups from a genetic point of view.

11.Analysis of pedigrees.

12.Determination of genetic risk of affected offspring. (A priori risk, Bayes theorem).

13.Mendelian, Pedigree and multifactor analysis in breeding practice. Credit.

Syllabus of lectures:

1.Chemical composition of cells (lipids, polysaccharides, proteins, nucleic acids).

2.Structure of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell. Membrane structure.Membrane transport.

3.Genetic code and implementation of genetic information.

4.Basics of cytogenetics, chromosome nomenclature.

5.Basic genetic terminology. Mendel's laws.

6.Sex inheritance.

7.Inheritance of blood groups and their use in genetics.

8.Characteristics of basic types of inheritance and examples of diseases with Mendelian inheritance

9.Multifactorial (polygenic) inheritance.

10.Developmental genetics. Embryocritical period and embryocritical phases.

11.Mutagenesis, carcinogenesis and teratogenesis.

12.Use of molecular methods in the detection of animal diseases. Methods of determining origin in dogs. (DNA markers, fingerprinting, DNA profiling, polymorphic proteins).

13.Genetic analysis in practice.

1. Luptáková, L., Valenčáková, A., Špalková, M.: Základy biológie. UVLF v Košiciach, 2019.

2. Šiviková, K., Dianovský, J., Holečková, B.: Úvod do veterinárnej genetiky, UVLF v Košiciach, 2016.

3. Holečková, B., Galdíková, M., Schwarzbacherová, V., Koleničová, S.: Praktické cvičenia z genetiky (pre študijný program VVL). UVLF v Košiciach, 2020.

Continuous assessment:

none

Conditions for completion of course:

Active participation in exercises. One missed exercise is recognized without refund. Additional missed exercises (maximum two) must be made up in the form of a seminar paper. Lectures are not compulsory. Consultations must be arranged with the teacher.

Final assessment:

Credit and written test