Lectures 1) The status of imaging diagnostics in veterinary medicine (X-ray, ultrasound ..... ) Physical principles of different imaging methods and their practical importance in veterinary medicine. X-rays, the nature of its occurrence and spread in the environment. Absorption and penetration in radiology. Legislation concerning the establishment of X-ray workplace safety regulations, the law of ionizing radiation. Radiographic management and archiving radiograms. SAFETY at the x-ray workplace and with animals. 2) Bones - their radiographic appearance (compact, trabecular structure, nutritional holes). The difference between adult and juvenile underlying bone, ossification and ossification centers. Types of periosteal reactions, inflammatory, neoplastic, fractures (classification Harris and Salter,). 3) Thoracic limb - radiographic technique and interpretation of the joints, diseases of the joints, elbows, Elbow dysplasia. 4) Hindlimb - radiographic technique and interpretation of the joints, joint disease, Hip dysplasia. 5)The head and teeth inflammatory, neoplastic, fractures, nasal cavity, dental caries, Endodontic treatment, periodontitis 6) The spine and neck anatomy and formula vertebrae, variations of shapes and vertebrae, Indications and principles of Myelography. Intervertebral disc. Knowledge test 1-6 7) Thorax -border authorities and the chest cavity, esophagus-megaezofagus, achalasia, foreign body, trachea - kolabs. Pulmonary bronchitis, bronchopneumonia, metastasis, pneumotorax.. 8) Abdomen - bodies and boundaries of the abdominal cavity, the X-ray indications, patient preparation and setting up the device, contrast examination. Torsion, efusion, foreign body 9) Urogenital Tract - radiographic anatomy, diagnostic capabilities with native and contrast studies and its limitations. Urolotiasis, ectopic ureter, pathology uterus, gravidit 10) X-ray examination of the teeth, limbs, spine in horses. Projections, laminitis, fractures, podotrochlosis, osteochondrosis 11) Introduction to Ultrasonography 1 - Physical foundations of ultrasonography and its practical importance in veterinary medicine. Technical components ultrasound device and their impact on the quality of the final image. Description of the physical nature of the generation, propagation and interaction of ultrasound with matter, adverse effects, artifacts, modes of inquiry, Doppler. Knowledge test 7-11 12) X-ray vs ultrasound selected pathologies, X-ray of the heart cardiomegaly, mikrocardia 13)Birds and exotic animals: snakes, turtles, chameleons- methods of fixation, trauma and disease-specific. Conditions for granting credit: a, successfully assessment tests Exercises 1) X-ray examination in veterinary medicine technical components of X-ray apparatus and their impact on the quality of the röntgenogramu (conventional and digital X-rays). Practical demonstration points of X-rays (X-ray). Effect of mA and kV on the intensity and quality of X-rays, primary and secondary radiation. Practical construction röntgenogramu depicting the interaction of X-rays with matter 5 Essential X-ray opacities and their resolution to diffraction. Protection against X-ray and X-ray report practical demonstration of the possibility of eliminating a method of protection against the harmful effects of X-rays. Monitoring of radiation. Practical embodiment of radiographic reports, keeping its form and content sequence and terminology. X-ray examination of native and contrast. Types of contrast agents. SAFETY at the x-ray workplace and with animals. 2) Bone- pathology of hard tissues, periostal reaction, fracture, tumors, opacity change. 3) Thoracic limb - patient preparation and positioning, manipulation kV, mAs, scapula fracture- shoulder-osteochodritis disecans, dislocation and luxation, osteoarthritis. Humerus - fractures, neoplasia. , Elbow dysplasia, fractures, arthritis, neoplasia 4) Pelvic limbs - patient preparation and positioning, manipulation kV, mAs. HIP dysplasia and early diagnosis, PennHIP scheme, Legg-Calvé-Perthers, fracture classification, neoplasia, luxation, subluxation. 5) The head and teeth - Indications examination technique and positioning. Hydrocephalus, fractures, neoplasia, temporomandibular joint luxation, otitis media, oral neoplasia, osteomyelitis, jaw fractures, nasal cavity, dental caries, Endodontic treatment, periodontitis 6) Spine - Indications examination technique and positioning, fracture, hemivertebrae, block vertebrae, spina bifida, spinal deformity, transitional vertebrae, atlanto-axial instability, wobbler syndrome, lumbosacral instability, degenerative disease of the intervertebral disc extrusion, protrusion, Hansen, diskospondylitis, spondylosis, spondyloarthrosis, neoplasia. 7) Torax- positioning, standard and complementary projections in the chest, chest cavity examination technique (kV, mAs, inspirium / expirium, collimation). chest cavity anatomy, evaluation of the position of trachea, determine the position of the diaphragm according to projections. Pleural cavity - pneumothorax, liquidothorax, masses. Diaphragmatic hernia. 8) Abdomen anatomical and pathological localization and size of individual organs, Analysis of Selected Major pathologies gastro-intestinal tract, liver and spleen. Contrast study. 9) Urogenital tract pathologies kidneys, ureters, bladder and urethra. Diagnosis of uterine pathology, determine the number of fetuses before birth and fetal abortions, decomposition and mummification. 10) X-ray examination of the teeth, limbs, spine in horses. Projections, laminitis, fractures, podotrochlosis, osteochondrosis 11) Introduction to Ultrasonography 1 – Patient preparation, positioning, practical ultrasonography 12) X-ray and ultrasound of the heart-primary projections heart, - generalized / segmental cardiomegaly, mikrocardia. 13) Radiographic Reading (pathology and exotic animals) |
