Active participation in the exercises and passing the tests to a minimum of 51%.

After completing the subject, the student should be able to consult with the owner, take the patient's history, make a basic clinical examination, develop a diagnostic plan with differential diagnoses and propose an appropriate therapy with the subsequent management of the patient.

In the given semester, endocrinological, cardiorespiratory, neurological diseases and the most common intoxications of small animals are covered.

Neurology I. – Diseases of brain, meningi, vestibular syndrome, encephalitis,

Protocol for neurological case focusing on mentation, cranial nerves evaluation postural reflexes

Neurology II. - Diseases of spinal cord, peripheral nerves

Protocol for neurological examination, segmental reflexes, dif. dg. syncopy versus epileptiform seizures. Epilepsy. Acute cases in neurology.

Cardiology I. Congenital diseases, Myocardial diseases in dog and cat, Pericardial diseases, Heart worm disease

Protocol for suspected cardio case anamnestic data, clinical examination (heart auscultation)

Cardio II. Congestive heart failure, pathophysiology, symptomatology, Valvular diseases

Electrocardiography trace sampling and evaluation, individual evaluation of ECG from database

Cardio III. Arrhythmias – diagnosis and therapy, short and long term management of the patient with CHF. Critical care, common medical emergencies (hypoglycemia, hypocalcemia, brain edema, shock lungs, cardiovascular collapse)

Oncology – introduction, common neoplasm in small animal practice

FNA technique, sample handling and evaluation, chemotherapeutic protocol, long term management of onco pacient

Upper respiratory tract diseases. Clinical examination focusing on upper and lower respiratory tract diseases, Diagnostic work up of common clinical symptoms – cough, sneezing, nasal discharge

Lower respiratory tract diseases. Nasal endoscopy, laryngoscopy, thoracocentesis for pleural effusion, tracheobronchoscopy, BAL, TTA, therapeutical plan and long term management of COPD

Disorders of electrolyte balance, Diabetes insipidus, Hyperadrenocorticism, Hypoadrenocorticism, Phaeochromocytoma, Systemic hypertension

Low dose and high dose dexamethasone tests, ACTH stimulation test, water deprivation test, long term management of Cushing and Adison cases, sampling and analysis acid-base balance results

Diseases of thyroid gland – (hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism) and parathyroid gland

Tests for thyroid function, pitfalls, demonstration of cases tips for differentiation euthyroid and hypothyroid cases

Diabetes mellitus, Insulinoma, Acromegaly

Glucose curve, diagnosis and management of diabetic dog and diabetic cat, nonresponsive DM diagnostic and therapeutical plan

Common intoxications in small animal practice

Diagnostic approach to intoxicated animals.

Birchard, Sherding: Saunders manual of small animal practice

Mott, Morrison: Small Animal gastrointestinal deseases

Little: Augusts consultation in feline medicine

BSAVA Manual of canine and feline pathology

Norsworthy: Feline patient

Continuous assessment:

tests

Conditions for completion of course:

Active participation in the exercises and passing the tests to a minimum of 51%.

Final assessment:

credit