Participation on the all practical lessons

Reports from all practical lessons

Credit test - minimum 51 %

The study of biology aims to increase understanding of living systems, their hierarchy and structure based on the cellular level and to consider the systems in relationship to the self and other organisms in the natural environment. It is focused on the understanding of basic structure of the cell and the understanding of basic cellular activities.

1st week - Characterization of Biology and History of Biology; Origin of life

2nd week - The Basic Elements of Organisms (Organic compounds – Proteins, Nucleic Acids,

Carbohydrates, Lipids - functions);

3rd week - Characterization of Living Thing - Cell and Cell Structures;

4th week - Cell Membrane and Biological Transport Processes;

5th week - Cell Cycle (Phases of the cycle, Mitosis, Meiosis, Regulation) and DNA Replication;

6th week - Arrangement of Chromosomes, Cell Pathology;

7th week - DNA Repair Mechanisms;

8th week -Synthesis of proteins (Genetic code + properties of genetic code, Transcription,

Translation, Types of RNA);

9th week - Regulation of Gene Expression (Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes);

10th week - Energy - Mitochondria and Cellular Respiration; Chloroplasts and Photosynthesis;

11th week - Cell death and Cell renewal;

12th week - Cell signaling;

13th week - Molecular techniques - PCR, DNA sequencing, RNA sequencing

Practical lessons

1st week - Safety in the lab and The light microscope (Microscope, Type of microscope, Simple works of microscopy);

2nd week - Microscopic slide preparation (Native preparations, Permanent slides, Smear preparations, print preparations);

3rd week - Linear measurements (Micrometry; measurement of length and width of specimens);

4th week -The chemical blocks of organisms (The proof of macromolecules: proteins, carbohydrates, lipids and nucleic acids);

5th week - Physical and chemical properties of live mater (Coacervates, Suspension, Colloid solution);

6th week - Types of cells (morphological differences of cell types);Cell structures (Observation of cell structures: nucleus, pigment grains, raphides and crystals);

7th week - Homeostasis (Plasmolysis, Deplasmolysis, Hemolysis, Plasmorhysis);

8th week - The Effect of poisons to animal cells;

9th week - Cell counting;

10th week - Cryobiology - The effect of temperature to the living structures;

11th week - The Effect of proteolytic enzymes to animal cells;

12th week - Observation of mitosis.

13th week - Irritability of the cell (chemotaxis, oxygenotyxis, thigmotaxis, galvanotaxis, geotaxis). Credit, Repeat credit test

Luptáková, L., Tomko, M., Valenčáková, A., Špalková, M., 2018: Biology for Veterinary Medicine. ESAP UVLF, Košice, 217 s. ISBN 978-80-8077-590-2.

Luptáková, L., Valenčáková, A., Toropilová, D., Špalková, M., 2022: Biology - Practical lessons . ESAP UVLF, Košice, 101s. ISBN 978-80-8077-537-7.

Raven, P.H., Johnson, G.B., 1989: Biology. 2nd edition, Times Mirror/Mosby College Publishing, St. Louis, USA

John H. and Hopson, Janet L. And Veres, Ruth C. Postlethwait: Biology! Bringing science to life. McGraw-Hill, 1991, 277 s. ISBN-13: 978-0078379734

Continuous assessment:

Credit test in 11th week of winter semester - to pass is necessary to gain min. 51 %

Conditions for completion of course:

Participation on the all practical lessons

Reports from all practical lessons

Credit test - minimum 51 %

Final assessment:

Final evaluation - credit test and final test

A 91 – 100 % B 81 – 90 % C 71 – 80 % D 61 – 70 % E 51 – 60 % Fx 0-50 %