Credit (laboratory work, protocol) and exam (Power point presentation of selected topic from Microbiology and Immunology).

The subject Clinical microbiology and immunology focused to diagnostics of clinical materials from animal patients. It consists of cultivation, microscopy, testing of metabolic activity of bacteria and also antibiotic susceptibility test against pathogens isolated from samples. Consequently the immunological examination is done.

Topics of lectures (1 hr)

1. Introduction to clinical microbiology and its aims to veterinary microbiology. Characteristic and classification of the most often patogenes in consideration of zoonoses.

2. Microbiology of the most often infections of the particular organ systems in carnivores (dogs and cats).

3. Microbiology of the most often infections of the particular organ systems in horses.

4. Microbiology of the most often infections of the particular organ systems in pigs.

5. Microbiology of the most often infections of the particular organ systems in ruminants (cattle, sheep, goat).

6. Antimicrobial substances, principles of antibiotic options in clinical practice. Antiviral substances and their utilization.

7. Introduction to clinical immunology and its aims in veterinary immunology. Characteristics and classification of the most often disorder of immune system.

8. Status of immunodeficiency.

9. Pathophysiology of the allergic diseases.

10. Pathophysiology of the autoimmune diseases.

11. Diagnostics and therapy of the allergic diseases.

12. Basis of transplantation immunology, pathophysiology of HvG and GvH reactions.

13. Principles of immunomodulation treatment.

Topics of practical labs (2 hrs – organized in individual blocks)

1. Sampling for microbiological examination, transportation and storage of the samples. Sampling containers and sets.

2. Microbiological examination of organ systems in carnivores (dog and cat).

3. Microbiological examination of organ systems in horses.

4. Microbiological examination of organ systems in pigs.

5. Microbiological examination of organ systems in ruminants (cattle, sheep, goats).

6. Evaluation of the effect of antimicrobial substances, principles of antibiotic options in clinical practice. Minimal inhibitory concentrations of antibiotics.

7. Sampling for immunological examination, transportation and storage of the samples. Sampling containers and sets.

8. Haematological examination: counting of leucocytes and differential white blood cell count in the peripheral blood.

9. Measurment of total immunoglobulines in serum by the help of glutaraldehyde coagulation test and zinc-sulphate test.

10. Statement of leukocyte functions: phagocytic activity of leukocytes and respiratory burst of phagocytes

11. -13. Preparation and handing-over of protocols from microbiological and immunological diagnostics.

Questions for exam

1. Characteristics of the causal agents, therapy and prevention of organ infections in dogs and cats.

2. Characteristics of the causal agents, therapy and prevention of organ infections in horses.

3. Characteristics of the causal agents, therapy and prevention of organ infections in ruminants (cattle, sheep and goats).

4. Characteristics of the causal agents, therapy and prevention of organ infections in pigs.

5. Characteristics of the causal agents, therapy and prevention of organ infections in poultry.

6. Characteristics and classification of the most often disorders of immune system.

7. Primary and secondary immunodeficiences of ruminants, pigs and horses.

8. Primary and secondary immunodeficiences in dogs and cats.

9. Systemic and organ diseases caused by immune reactions.

10. Hypersensitive reactions in animals.

11. Autoimmune diseases.

12. Immunomodulation and immunosupresion.

Pilipčinec E. et al.: Practical lesssons from Microbiology. UVMP in Košice, 2016.

Markey B. et al.: Clinical Veterinary Microbiology, Mosby Elsevier, 2013.

Quinn P. J. et al.: Veterinary Microbiology and Microbial Disease, Wiley-Blackwell, 2013.

Tizard I.R.: Veterinary immunology. 9th edition. Elsevier, 2013.

Day M.J., Schultz R.D.: Veterinary immunology. Principles and practice, 2012

Lectures – actual topics.

Content prerequisite:

Biology, Histology and embryology, Biochemistry, Genetics, Physiology, Anatomy I, Anatomy II, Nutrition and feeding of animals, Microbiology, Immunology

Continuous assessment:

100 % participation on practical lessons, protocol from microbiology and immunology.

Conditions for completion of course:

Credit (laboratory work, protocol) and exam (Power point presentation of selected topic from Microbiology and Immunology).

Final assessment:

Credit and exam from Microbiology and Immunology, based on presentation of selected topics, evaluation is a summary of the results from both parts.